Internal Disc Disruption (also known as disc bulge) is a degradation of the disc that causes the outer border to “stretch” or “bulge” and may lead to a disc herniation. Causes include repetitive forces on the spine, certain fractures (endplate fracture), and trauma. Pain is usually central and is aggravated by sitting, driving, twisting, and coughing. This condition rarely requires surgery and occasionally responds to injection therapy. Physiotherapy will help to improve function including decreased pain, improved range of motion, and stabilization of the low back. Our therapists will perform a thorough assessment of your back and create a treatment plan including manual therapy, exercise, and education on which activities to avoid.